Trade31
Trade31
Trade31 · Knowledge topic
116 articles
EXW leaves export and loading to the buyer; FOB adds seller export clearance and loading on board at the port.
CFR seller pays freight only; CIF seller pays freight plus minimum insurance to destination port.
FOB price equals product cost plus all seller-side charges up to loading on board at the named port.
CIF price equals FOB plus main carriage freight plus seller-arranged marine insurance to the named destination port; CFR adds freight only.
Under FOB, loss or damage risk passes to the buyer when goods are on board the vessel at the named port of shipment.
Clear answers to the questions importers and exporters ask most about Incoterms® 2020.
Polite, precise Business English emails for term negotiation and confirmation.
Quick definitions for the 11 rules and supporting vocabulary used in contracts and emails.
Learn from export/import scenarios that show how term choice hits margin and risk.
L/C adds bank document control; T/T is faster/cheaper but trust-based.
Clear payment terms state method, timing, currency, bank charges, and consequences of default.
Net 30 is open account credit — buyer pays within 30 days of invoice date without L/C.
FOB/CIF describe risk and freight; L/C/T/T describe settlement timing — mismatches cause disputes.
Seller authorizes carrier to release cargo electronically after payment — speeds up vs mailing originals.
This guide explains What is Third-Party Logistics (3PL)? — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Container Types Explained — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains What is Cargo Consolidation? — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Last Mile Delivery in Trade — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Cold Chain Logistics Basics — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Cross Docking Explained — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Freight Audit Basics — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Logistics KPIs for Exporters — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Multimodal Transport Basics — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Warehouse Management for Export — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Trade Credit Risk Basics — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Country Risk in Trade — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Foreign Exchange Risk in Trade — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Political Risk in Trade — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Cargo Theft Prevention — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Documentary Risk under L/C — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Fraud Prevention in Trade — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Contract Dispute Prevention — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Insurance for Trade Risk — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Supply Chain Disruption Risk — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains What is Marine Cargo Insurance? — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Container Loading Basics — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Freight Forwarder vs Carrier — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Understanding Vessel Schedules — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains Port of Loading vs Discharge — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.
This guide explains What is a Consignee? — concepts, use cases, workflow, mistakes, and best practices for import/export teams.